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active voice
Active voice is a grammatical voice common in many of the world's languages. It is the unmarked voice for clauses featuring a transitive verb in nominative–accusative languages, including English and most other Indo-European languages.
Active voice is used in a clause whose subject expresses the agent of the main verb. That is, the subject does the action designated by the verb.[O'Grady, William, John Archibald, Mark Aronoff, and Janie Rees-Miller (eds.) (2001). ''Contemporary Linguistics: An Introduction'' Fourth edition. Boston: Bedford/St. Martin's. ISBN 0-312-24738-9〕 A sentence whose agent is marked as grammatical subject is called an active sentence. In contrast, a sentence in which the subject has the role of patient or theme is named a passive sentence, and its verb is expressed in passive voice. Many languages have both an active and a passive voice; this allows for greater flexibility in sentence construction, as either the semantic agent or patient may take the syntactic role of subject.〔Saeed, John (1997). ''Semantics''. Oxford: Blackwell. ISBN 0-631-20035-5〕]
==Examples==
In the following examples the active and passive voice are illustrated with pairs of sentences using the same transitive verb.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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